偉大遠(yuǎn)征，信仰和人民的力量

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馬克思主義哲學(xué)認(rèn)為，事物發(fā)展的方向是前進(jìn)的，而事物前進(jìn)的道路則是曲折的。這一觀點(diǎn)對(duì)信仰馬克思主義的中國共產(chǎn)黨而言同樣適用。

1933年，中國共產(chǎn)黨的敵人蔣介石調(diào)集100萬軍隊(duì)，親任總司令，并且聘請(qǐng)一大批德國軍事專家做顧問，擬訂作戰(zhàn)計(jì)劃，還用美國、英國的巨額貸款購買了大批軍火，極大地提升了部隊(duì)的裝備水平。

這一切都是為了應(yīng)對(duì)時(shí)年只有12歲的中國共產(chǎn)黨。

而此時(shí)，毛澤東失去了對(duì)軍隊(duì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和指揮權(quán)，實(shí)際領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人博古對(duì)共產(chǎn)國際軍事顧問李德十分依賴，但李德是一個(gè)外國革命者，他完全不了解中國的實(shí)際情況，只是照搬蘇聯(lián)紅軍正規(guī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這決定了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果只能是慘敗。

中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的軍隊(duì)最終被迫進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)移，這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)移被稱為“長(zhǎng)征”。后來證明，艱苦卓絕的長(zhǎng)征使這支隊(duì)伍浴火重生。長(zhǎng)征途中，中國共產(chǎn)黨的軍隊(duì)一路打一路走，擺脫了蔣介石軍隊(duì)的圍追堵截。

衣衫襤褸、屢遭重創(chuàng)的紅軍血戰(zhàn)湘江、四渡赤水、強(qiáng)渡大渡河、飛奪瀘定橋、翻過皚皚雪山、走出茫茫草地，最終匯聚成滾滾“紅”流，擊敗敵人，建立了新中國。

上個(gè)世紀(jì)60年代初，美國記者埃德加?斯諾問毛澤東：“你一生中最黑暗的時(shí)刻是什么時(shí)候？”毛澤東回答說，那是在1935年的長(zhǎng)征途中，在草地與張國燾之間的斗爭(zhēng)。

當(dāng)時(shí)，一、四方面軍會(huì)合后，張國燾拒絕執(zhí)行中央的北進(jìn)方針，堅(jiān)持南下，鬧分裂。為顧全大局，也為了盡快化解紅軍的不利處境，毛澤東只得帶領(lǐng)中央機(jī)關(guān)和紅三軍團(tuán)連夜北上。

待情緒激動(dòng)的四方面軍副參謀長(zhǎng)李特和一隊(duì)全副武裝的騎兵趕來，毛澤東表現(xiàn)得十分冷靜，對(duì)他們說：你們實(shí)在要南下也可以，相信以后總會(huì)有重新會(huì)合的機(jī)會(huì)?！拔覀兌际羌t軍，都是共產(chǎn)黨，都是一家人，一家人不打一家人嘛！現(xiàn)在愿意北上的跟黨中央走，愿意跟張國燾的可以回去。以后我們還會(huì)在一起的。”

毛澤東說：“長(zhǎng)征是歷史紀(jì)錄上的第一次，長(zhǎng)征是宣言書，長(zhǎng)征是宣傳隊(duì)，長(zhǎng)征是播種機(jī)?！泵鎸?duì)正義和邪惡兩種力量的交鋒、光明和黑暗兩種前途的抉擇，中國共產(chǎn)黨始終團(tuán)結(jié)群眾、依靠群眾，以自己的模范行動(dòng)，贏得人民真心支持，廣大人民群眾是長(zhǎng)征勝利的力量源泉。長(zhǎng)征途中，中國共產(chǎn)黨還推動(dòng)了抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的形成，中國人民群眾深刻認(rèn)識(shí)到，中國共產(chǎn)黨是為人民謀利益的黨，紅軍是人民的軍隊(duì)。長(zhǎng)征的勝利，宣傳了中國共產(chǎn)黨的主張，播撒下革命的火種，擴(kuò)大了中共的影響，使中共與人民的聯(lián)系更加緊密。

 “長(zhǎng)征”成為中國共產(chǎn)黨的精神符號(hào)。中國共產(chǎn)黨從中提煉出了“長(zhǎng)征精神”，“長(zhǎng)征精神”是什么？

2016年10月，在紀(jì)念紅軍長(zhǎng)征勝利80周年大會(huì)上，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平對(duì)“長(zhǎng)征精神”做了解讀：“偉大長(zhǎng)征精神，就是把全國人民和中華民族的根本利益看得高于一切，堅(jiān)定革命的理想和信念，堅(jiān)信正義事業(yè)必然勝利的精神；就是為了救國救民，不怕任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻，不惜付出一切犧牲的精神；就是堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主、實(shí)事求是，一切從實(shí)際出發(fā)的精神；就是顧全大局、嚴(yán)守紀(jì)律、緊密團(tuán)結(jié)的精神；就是緊緊依靠人民群眾，同人民群眾生死相依、患難與共、艱苦奮斗的精神?！?/p>

回望長(zhǎng)征，可以清晰地看到，長(zhǎng)征不僅是一次人類精神和意志的偉大遠(yuǎn)征，也是一段中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國人民尋求中華民族復(fù)興的偉大征程。接續(xù)歷史，現(xiàn)在的中國，每一代人都有每一代人的長(zhǎng)征路，每一代人都要走好自己的長(zhǎng)征路。

 

 

 

The Long March, Faith and People Power

 

Marxist philosophy holds that the future is bright while the road ahead is tortuous.This also applies to the Communist Party of China(CPC) which believes in Marxism.

In 1933, Chiang Kai-shek, the then rival of the CPC,mobilized1 million troops, acted as the commander-in-chief himself, and hired a large number of German military experts as consultants to draw up war plans. He also purchased large quantities of arms with huge loans from the United States and Britain, greatly improving the equipment performance of his troops.

All this was supposed to fight against the then only 12-year-old CPC.

At that time, Mao Zedong lost his leadership and command of the army. The actual leader Bogu, also known as Qin Bangxian, relied heavily on Li De (Otto Braun), the military adviser from the Communist International. However, Li was a foreign revolutionary. He did not know the actual conditions in China at all, but only borrowed the regular warfare experience from the Soviet Red Army, which led to the defeat of the war.

The army led by the CPC was finally forced to carry out a strategic transfer, known as the "Long March."

It was later proved that the arduous Long March revived the army.During the Long March, the CPC's army fought all the way, and finally broke through encirclement by Chiang's troops.

The ragged and hard-hit Red Army fought bitterly at the Xiangjiang River, made four crossings of the Chishui River, fought their way across the Dadu River, and seized the Luding Bridge. The army climbed over snow-capped mountains, trekked across vast grasslands, and finally joined forces to defeat the enemy and establish new China.

In the early 1960s, American journalist Edgar Snow asked Mao Zedong, "What's the darkest moment in your life?"

Mao replied that it was the conflict between him and Zhang Guotao in 1935 during the Long March.

At that time, after the First and Fourth Front Armies joined forces, Zhang refused to implement the Central Committee's policy of marching north, insisted on going south, and tried to split the Party and the Red Army.

To see a big picture and to resolve the adversity of the Red Army as soon as possible, Mao Zedong had to lead the central authority and the Third Front Army up the north overnight. 

When Li Te,the deputy chief of the Fourth Front Army who was worked up, came together with a team of fully armed cavalry, Mao Zedong showed a very calm expression and said that they could go south and that he believed they would meet again in the future. "We are all from the Red Army, and from the Communist Party of China. We're a big family, and will never fight against each other!

Now anyone who'd like to go north could follow the CPC Central Committee, and the rest could go back with Zhang Guotao. We'll meet again in the future."

Mao Zedong said,"With no precedent in recorded history, the Long March issued a manifesto, spread a message, and planted a seed."

As the opposing forces of good and evil clashed, and a choice had to be made between light and dark, the CPC rooted itself deep among the people, uniting them and relying on them. With its own exemplary actions, the CPC won the genuine support of the people, who became an endless fountain of strength for the victory of the Long March.

During the Long March, the CPC also promoted the formation of the anti-Japanese national united front. The Chinese people deeply realized that the CPC worked for the people's benefits and the Red Army was the people's army. 

The victory of the Long March justified what the CPC stands for, sowed the seeds of revolution, expanded the influence of the Party and brought the CPC more closely connected with its people.

The "Long March" has become a spiritual symbol of the CPC.Hence comes the "Long March spirit." What is the "Long March spirit" then?

In October 2016, at a gathering to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Long March, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, interpreted the "Long March spirit" as"regarding the fundamental interests of the people and nation above anything else,upholding revolutionary ideals and beliefs, and firmly believing that the cause of justice is bound to succeed;being willing to sacrifice everything for our nation and people when facing difficulties and obstacles;pursuing independence, seeking truth from facts and proceeding from reality; taking the overall situation into consideration, strictly observing discipline and uniting closely; relying firmly on the people, sharing weal and woe with the people, and struggling hard alongside the people."

Looking back on the Long March, we can clearly see that it is not only a great expedition of human spirit and willpower, but also a great journey for the Chinese people to seek the rejuvenation of their nation under the leadership of the CPC.

Following the past footprints, each Chinese generation has its own long march, and each generation should proceed with its own long march.

 

 

《紅星何以照耀中國》 / 中國網(wǎng)出品

出品人 / 王曉輝    

總監(jiān)制 / 楊新華    

總策劃 / 蔡曉娟   

執(zhí)行策劃 / 蔣新宇

專家顧問 / 陳述 中共中央黨校教授    陳中奎 中國人民解放軍國防大學(xué)副教授

導(dǎo)演 / 仇俊博    

編導(dǎo) / 申罡  時(shí)暢  郭澤涵  魯波  孔竟?jié)?/strong>

設(shè)計(jì) / 顧榕楠

制作 / 馬躍

翻譯 / 汪瑋  李秀宇

攝影 / 陶世欣  毛歡東

后期 / 于舜源  傅華洋